Hadith 5150

(1) His statement: “Every wealth I have bestowed upon a servant is lawful” – it is clarified in Al-Mirqat that Al-Qadi explained: His statement, “Every wealth I have bestowed,” is a report of what Allah taught and revealed to him that day. The meaning is that whatever wealth I have given a servant is lawful for him, and no one may forbid it to him, such as the Bahirah, Sa’ibah, and the like. It is not for anyone to say this implies that the forbidden is not provision, for all provision Allah directs to a servant He has bestowed and given, and all that He has bestowed and given is lawful, so all provision He provides is lawful. This would imply that what is not lawful is not provision. We say: Provision is broader than giving, as it includes ownership. Thus, the jurists said: If a man says to his wife, “If you give me a thousand, you are divorced,” and she gives him a thousand, she is divorced, and the thousand enters his ownership, but this is not so with provision.

(2) His statement: “their Arabs and non-Arabs” – a substitute for the pronoun. Non-Arabs mean those other than Arabs. The meaning is: He despised them for their evil deeds, corrupt beliefs, and their agreement before Muhammad’s (ﷺ) mission on polytheism and immersion in disbelief. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

(3) His statement: “that water cannot wash away” – meaning We did not suffice with placing it in books that water could wash away, but made it a Qur’an preserved in the hearts of believers. Alternatively, washing refers to abrogation, and water is a metaphor, meaning no book will come after it to abrogate it, nor did a book come before it to nullify it, as Allah said: Falsehood cannot approach it from before it or from behind it (Fussilat: 42). (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

(4) His statement: “you recite while sleeping and awake” – with a silent qaf, meaning it becomes so ingrained in you that it is present in your mind and your soul turns to it in most states, so you do not forget it whether sleeping or awake. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

(۱) قوله: كل مال نحلته عبدا حلال إلخ : قال في المرقاة: وتوضيحه ما حققه القاضي حيث قال: قوله: «كل مال نحلته حكاية ما علمه الله تعالى وأوحي إليه في يومه هذا، والمعنى ما أعطيت عبدا من مال فهو حلال له، ليس لأحد أن يحرم عليه، كالبحيرة والسائبة وغيرهما. وليس لقائل أن يقول: هذا يقتضي أن لا يكون الحرام رزقا؛ لأن كل رزق ساقه الله تعالى إلى عبد نحله وأعطاه، وكل ما نحله وأعطاه فهو حلال، فيكون كل رزق رزقه الله إياه فهو حلال وذلك يستلزم أن يكون كل ما ليس بحلال ليس برزق؛ لأنا نقول: الرزق أعم من الإعطاء؛ فإنه يتضمن التمليك، ولذا قال الفقهاء: لو قال لامرأته: إن أعطيتني ألفًا فأنت طالق، فأعطته ألفا بانت، ودخل الألف في ملكه، ولا كذلك الرزق.

(۲) قوله : عربهم وعجمهم بدل من الضمير، والمراد بالعجم غير العرب والمعنى: أبغضهم بسوء صنيعهم وخبث عقيدتهم واتفاقهم قبل بعثة محمد الله على الشرك وانغماسهم في الكفر. كذا في «المرقاة».

(۳) قوله : لا يغسله الماء: أي لم نكتف بإيداعه الكتب فيغسله الماء، بل جعلناه قرآنا محفوظا في صدور المؤمنين، أو المراد بالغسل النسخ والماء مثل، أي لا ينزل بعده كتاب ينسخه، ولا نزل قبله كتاب يبطله ، كما قال تعالى: ﴿لَا يَأْتِيهِ الْبَاطِلُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلَا مِنْ خَلْفِهِ ) (فصلت: ٤٢). كذا في «المرقاة».

(٤) قوله: تقرأه نائما ويقظان: بسكون القاف، والمعنى: يصير لك ملكة بحيث يحضر في ذهنك وتلتفت إليه نفسك في أغلب الأحوال، فلا تغفل عنه نائما ويقظان. كذا في «المرقاة».