English
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The wealth of Banu Nadir was among what Allah restored to His Messenger from what the Muslims did not spur horses or camels for, so it was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). 1 He would spend on his family for a year’s maintenance, then place what remained in weapons and horses as preparation in the way of Allah. 2
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
- Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 2904 (unverified) 99% confidence
- Candidate: Sahih Muslim 1757a (unverified) 97% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (4)
Note 1
(1) The statement: “It was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), etc.”: Ibn al-Humam said: This means that its disposal was at his discretion as he wished.
Note 2
(2) The statement: “Then place what remained in weapons and horses as preparation in the way of Allah”: Ibn al-Humam said: What the Muslims did not spur horses for from the wealth of war without fighting is spent on the interests of Muslims, like kharaj, as well as jizyah, for building bridges and causeways, fortifying borders, digging great rivers like Sayhun, Jayhun, Euphrates, and Tigris that no one owns, and for the salaries of judges, market inspectors, teachers, and fighters, and securing roads from thieves. It is not exclusive to anyone or anything. They said: It is like the lands from which their people were expelled and jizyah, and there is no khums on it according to us. Umar’s opinion was that fay’ is not subject to khums like spoils but is entirely prepared for the interests of Muslims and allocated for their needs according to their varying ranks and classes. This is the opinion of most jurists, except al-Shafi’i, who held that fay’ should be subject to khums, with four-fifths spent on fighters and interests. This is compiled from “Al-Mirqat.”
Note 1
(١) قوله: فكانت لرسول اللّٰه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم خاصة إلخ: قال ابن الهمام: معناه أن التصرف فيها كان إليه كيف شاء.
Note 2
(٢) قوله: ثم يجعل ما بقي في السلاح والكراع عدة في سبيل الله: قال ابن الهمام: ما أوجف المسلمون على من أموالالحرب بغير قتال يصرف في مصالح المسلمين كما يصرف الخراج، وكذا الجزية من عمارة القناطر والجسور وسدالثغور وكري الأنهار العظام التي لا ملك لاحد فيها كسيحون وجيحون والفرات ودجلة، وإلى أرزاق القضاةوالمحتسبين والمعلمين والمقاتلة، وحفظ الطريق من اللصوص، فلا يختص به، ولا بشيء منه أحد. قالوا: وهي مثلالأراضي التي أجلوا أهلها عنها والجزية، ولا خمس في ذلك عندنا اه. وكان رأي عمر أن الفيء لا يخمس كما تخمس الغنيمة، بل تكون بجملته معدة لمصالح المسلمين ومجعولة لنوائبهم على تفاوت درجاتهم وتفاوت طبقاتهم، وإليهذهب عامة أهل الفتوى غير الشافعي؛ فإنه كان يرى أن يخمس الفيء، ويصرف أربعة أخماسه إلى المقاتلة والمصالح.التقطته من (المرقاة).