Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The best speech is four: 'SubhanAllah' (Glory be to Allah), 'Alhamdulillah' (All praise is due to Allah), 'La ilaha illa Allah' (There is no god but Allah), and 'Allahu Akbar' (Allah is the Greatest)." In another narration: "The most beloved speech to Allah is four: 'SubhanAllah,' 'Alhamdulillah,' 'La ilaha illa Allah,' and 'Allahu Akbar.' It does not matter with which one you begin."
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2137a (unverified) 98% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (10)
Chapter-heading commentary
And glorify Him...
(1) His statement: "And glorify Him..." – It is said that "glorify Him" means saying: "SubhanAllah" (Glory be to Allah), "Alhamdulillah" (All praise is due to Allah), "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah), "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), and "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah" (There is no power nor strength except with Allah). Some versions add: "Al-'Aliyy al-'Atheem" (The Most High, the Magnificent). Thus, "glorification" encompasses all these phrases. Tafsir al-Khazin and Al-Madarik mention this from Qatadah.
Morning and afternoon
(2) His statement: "Morning and afternoon" – This indicates consistency, as mentioning the two extremes implies the middle as well. Tafsir al-Khazin mentions this.
So exalt [Allah] with praise...
(3) His statement: "So exalt [Allah] with praise..." – This verse indicates the virtue of Tasbeeh (glorification) and Tahmeed (praise), as Allah made them sufficient for expressing gratitude for the blessings of victory and conquest. Tafsir al-Khazin mentions this.
And magnify Him...
(4) His statement: "And magnify Him..." – The intended meaning is that "magnify Him" can mean saying "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), as mentioned in Al-Husseini. Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah mentions this.
Note 5
The best speech...
(5) His statement: "The best speech..." – Some scholars use this hadith as evidence that if a person swears not to speak for a day and then says "SubhanAllah," "Alhamdulillah," "La ilaha illa Allah," or "Allahu Akbar," he breaks his oath. This is the view of Imam Shafi'i, as these are all forms of speech. However, our scholars (Hanafis) say he does not break his oath, because although these phrases are linguistically speech, they are not considered "speaking" in common usage. Rather, one is called a "reciter" (qari') or "glorifier" (musabbih), not a "speaker" (mutakallim). The principle in oaths is that they are based on common usage unless a specific intention is made. This is supported by hadiths mentioned in Fath al-Qadeer and others. The Shafi'i school bases oaths on linguistic reality, while the Maliki school bases them on Quranic usage. This is summarized from Mirqat al-Mafatih, Fath al-Qadeer, 'Umdat al-Ri'ayah, and Al-Binayah.
Chapter-heading commentary
قوله
(۱) قوله: وسبحوه إلخ : قيل : معنى سبحوه: قولوا: سبحان الله والحمد لله، ولا إله إلا الله ، والله أكبر، ولا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله زاد في نسخة: «العلي العظيم فعبر بالتسبيح عن أخواته. قاله الخازن، وكذا في المدارك» عن قتادة.
قوله
(۲) قوله: بكرة وأصيلا : فيه إشارة إلى المداومة؛ لأن ذكر الطرفين يفهم منه الوسط أيضًا. قاله الخازن.
قوله
(۳) قوله : فسبح إلخ وفي الآية دليل على فضيلة التسبيح والتحميد حيث جعل ذلك كافيًا في أداء ما وجب عليه من شكر نعمته النصر والفتح. قاله الخازن.
قوله
(٤)قوله: وكبره إلخ : والمقصود عن ذكر الآية أنه يجوز أن يكون وكبره» بمعنى: وقُل: الله أكبر، على ما في الحسيني. كذا في التفسيرات الأحمدية.
Note 5
قوله
(٥)قوله : أفضل الكلام إلخ واحتج بهذا الحديث القائل بأن من حلف لا يتكلم اليوم فسبح أو هلل أو كبر أو ذكر الله فإنه يحنث، وهو قول الشافعي؛ لأن الكل كلام. وقال علماؤنا : لا يحنث؛ لأن هذا وإن كانت من الكلام لغة، لكن لا يُسمى بمثل ذلك متكلما عرفًا، بل قاريا ومسبحًا، فإن المتكلم عرفًا من يخاطب الناس ويتكلم بما يخاطب به الناس الأصل في هذا الباب أن مبنى الأيمان عندنا على العرف ما لم ينو محتمل لفظه؛ لأن المتكلم إنما يتكلم بالكلام العرفي وعلى هذا الأصل يتفرع فروع هذا الباب، ويؤيدنا الأحاديث التي ذكرت في فتح القدير وغيره، وعند الشافعي منبى الأيمان على الحقيقة اللغوية، وعند مالك على استعمال القراني، هذا حاصل ما في المرقاة» و«فتح القدير» و «عمد الرعاية» و«البناية».
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Saying 'SubhanAllah,' 'Alhamdulillah,' 'La ilaha illa Allah,' and 'Allahu Akbar' is more beloved to me than everything the sun rises upon."
Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "On the night of my Ascension (Isra), I met Ibrahim (Abraham), who said: 'O Muhammad, convey my greetings to your Ummah and inform them that Paradise has pure soil, sweet water, and is a vast plain. Its plants are: "SubhanAllah," "Alhamdulillah," "La ilaha illa Allah," and "Allahu Akbar."'"
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by a tree with dry leaves and struck it with his staff, causing the leaves to scatter. He said, "Saying 'Alhamdulillah,' 'SubhanAllah,' 'La ilaha illa Allah,' and 'Allahu Akbar' causes a servant’s sins to fall away just as the leaves of this tree fell."
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was asked, "Which speech is the best?" He replied, "That which Allah has chosen for His angels: 'SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi' (Glory be to Allah and praise Him)."
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever says 'SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi' (Glory be to Allah and praise Him) one hundred times a day, his sins will be erased even if they are like the foam of the sea."
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever says 'SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi' one hundred times in the morning and evening, no one will come on the Day of Resurrection with anything better than what he has brought, except someone who said the same or more."
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Two phrases are light on the tongue but heavy on the Scale and beloved to the Most Merciful: 'SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi,' 'SubhanAllahil-'Atheem' (Glory be to Allah, the Magnificent)."
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever says 'SubhanAllahil-'Atheemi wa bihamdihi' (Glory be to Allah, the Magnificent, and praise Him), a palm tree will be planted for him in Paradise."
Az-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "No morning arrives for a servant except that a caller calls out: 'Subhan al-Malik al-Quddus' (Glory be to the Sovereign, the Most Holy)."
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 1
Subhan al-Malik al-Quddus
(1) His statement: "Subhan al-Malik al-Quddus" – At-Tibi said this means: "Say: 'Subhan al-Malik al-Quddus' (Glory be to the Sovereign, the Most Holy)" or "Say: 'Subbuhun Quddusun, Rabb al-Mala'ikati war-Ruh' (The Most Glorified, the Most Holy, Lord of the angels and the Spirit)." This includes similar phrases like "SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi" and "SubhanAllahil-'Atheemi wa bihamdihi." Mirqat al-Mafatih mentions this.
Note 1
قوله سبحان أي سبحوا قال الطيبي
(۱)قوله سبحان أي سبحوا قال الطيبي: أي قولوا: سبحان الملك القدوس، أو قولوا: سبوح قدوس رب الملائكة والروح، أي ونحوهما من قول سبحان الله وبحمده سبحان الله العظيم وبحمده. قاله في «المرقاة».
Juwayriyah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (ﷺ) left her in the mosque after Fajr prayer, and when he returned after sunrise, she was still sitting. He asked, "Have you been in the same state since I left you?" She said, "Yes." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "After leaving you, I said four phrases three times, which if weighed against what you have said today, would outweigh them: 'SubhanAllahi wa bihamdihi, 'adada khalqihi, wa ridha nafsihi, wa zinata 'arshihi, wa midada kalimatihi' (Glory be to Allah and praise Him, as much as the number of His creation, as much as pleases Him, as much as the weight of His Throne, and as much as the ink of His words)."
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when he asked, "Is any of you unable to earn a thousand good deeds every day?" Someone asked, "How can one earn a thousand good deeds?" He replied, "By saying 'SubhanAllah' one hundred times, for which a thousand good deeds are recorded or a thousand sins are erased."
'Amr ibn Shu'ayb (from his father, from his grandfather) (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever glorifies Allah one hundred times in the morning and evening is like one who performed Hajj one hundred times. Whoever praises Allah one hundred times in the morning and evening is like one who donated one hundred horses in the path of Allah (or fought one hundred battles). Whoever declares Allah's Oneness one hundred times in the morning and evening is like one who freed one hundred slaves from the descendants of Isma'il. And whoever magnifies Allah one hundred times in the morning and evening, no one will come on that day with anything greater than what he has brought, except someone who said the same or more."
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever says 'La ilaha illa Allahu wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-hamdu, wa huwa 'ala kulli shay'in Qadeer' (There is no god but Allah alone, without partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise, and He is over all things competent) one hundred times a day, it will be equal to freeing ten slaves, one hundred good deeds will be recorded for him, one hundred sins will be erased, and it will be a protection from Satan that day until evening. No one will bring anything better except someone who did more."
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The best remembrance is 'La ilaha illa Allah,' and the best supplication is 'Alhamdulillah.'"
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Musa (Moses) (peace be upon him) said: 'O Lord, teach me something to remember You with or supplicate You.' Allah said: 'Say, "La ilaha illa Allah."' Musa said: 'O Lord, all Your servants say this. I want something special for me.' Allah said: 'O Musa, if the seven heavens and their inhabitants, and the seven earths, were placed on one side of a scale, and "La ilaha illa Allah" on the other, "La ilaha illa Allah" would outweigh them.'"
(1) His statement: "Would outweigh them" – This hadith clearly establishes that "La ilaha illa Allah" is the best remembrance, with no reward greater than its reward. Mirqat al-Mafatih mentions this.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله : لمالت لهن إلخ وهذا الحديث أصرح صريح على أن لا إله إلا الله أفضل الذكر لا ثواب أعظم من ثوابها. قاله في «المرقاة».
Note 1
ف: حاشیہ مشکوٰۃ میں لکھا ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ نے یہ سوال حضرت موسیٰ علی نبینا علیہ الصلاۃ والسلام کو
الہام کیا کہ وہ پوچھیں اور رب العزّت اس کا جواب دیں تا کہ اس کلمہ طیّبہ کی عظمت اور اہمیت خواص اور
عوام سب پر ظاہر ہو اور سب اس کا ورد ہر وقت اور ہر مقام پر رکھا کریں اس لئے کہ اس کا کہنا آسان
ہے اور ثواب عظیم ہے۔12
Abdullah ibn 'Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Tasbeeh (SubhanAllah) is half of the Scale, 'Alhamdulillah' fills it, and 'La ilaha illa Allah' has no barrier between it and Allah until it reaches Him."
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 2
Has no barrier...
(2) His statement: "Has no barrier..." – This clearly indicates that "La ilaha illa Allah" is superior to "SubhanAllah" and "Alhamdulillah." Mirqat al-Mafatih mentions this.
Note 2
قوله
(۲) قوله: ليس لها حجاب إلخ فيه دلالة ظاهرة على أن إلا إله إلا الله أفضل من سبحان الله والحمد لله. قاله في «المرقاة».
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whenever a servant sincerely says 'La ilaha illa Allah,' the gates of heaven open for it until it reaches the Throne, as long as he avoids major sins."
Abdullah ibn 'Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Praise ('Alhamdulillah') is the essence of gratitude. No servant thanks Allah without praising Him."
ف: اس بارے میں صاحب مرقات نے لکھا ہے کہ: حمد اور شکر میں فرق یہ ہے کہ حمد صرف
زبان سے کی جاتی ہے اور شکر زبان، دل اور تمام اعضاء سے کیا جاتا ہے تو گویا حمد شاخ ہوئی شکر کی۔
اور اس حدیث شریف میں حمد کو شکر کا سر اس لئے کہا گیا ہے کہ حمد زبان کا فعل ہے اور زبان سے اللہ کی
تعریف خوب بیان کی جا سکتی ہے اور زبان سب اعضاء کی نائب ہے۔ وہ اعضاء کی ترجمانی کرتی ہے۔
تو گویا یہ یعنی زبان سے اللہ تعالیٰ کی تعریف بیان کرنا مجمل شکر ہوا جو مفصل شکر کا جزوِ اعظم ہے اسی
لئے فرمایا گیا کہ جس بندے نے زبان سے اللہ تعالیٰ کی تعریف نہیں کی تو گویا اس نے اللہ تعالیٰ کا شکر ادا
نہ کیا اس میں اس بات کی طرف اشارہ ہے کہ آدمی کو چاہئے کہ صفائی باطن کے ساتھ ساتھ ظاہر کی بھی
حفاظت کرے۔12
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The first to be called to Paradise on the Day of Resurrection are those who praised Allah in ease and hardship."
Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were traveling with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and people began raising their voices in Takbeer (Allahu Akbar). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "O people, be gentle with yourselves. You are not calling someone deaf or absent. You are calling the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing, Who is closer to you than the neck of your mount." Abu Musa said, "I was saying to myself: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah' (There is no power nor strength except with Allah)." The Prophet (ﷺ) said to me, "O Abdullah ibn Qays, shall I guide you to a treasure from the treasures of Paradise?" I said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Say: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah.'"
Mak'hool narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Increase in saying: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah,' for it is a treasure from the treasures of Paradise." Mak'hool added: "Whoever says: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah, wa la manja'a min Allah illa ilayh' (There is no power nor strength except with Allah, and there is no refuge from Allah except to Him), seventy doors of hardship will be lifted from him, the least of which is poverty."
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Shall I guide you to a phrase from beneath the Throne, a treasure of Paradise? 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah.' Allah the Exalted says: 'My servant has submitted and surrendered.'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah' is a cure for ninety-nine ailments, the least of which is sorrow."
ف: صدر کی حدیثوں میں ارشاد ہے کہ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ جنت کا ایک خزانہ ہے
اس بارے میں صاحب مرقات نے لکھا ہے کہ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ پڑھنے والا اس دن کا نفع
اٹھاوے گا کہ جس دن نہ مال نفع دے گا اور نہ اولاد۔ اور حضرت مکحول کی روایت میں ارشاد ہے کہ اس
کے پڑھنے والے کے لئے مصائب کے ستر (70) دروازے بند کر دئے جاتے ہیں جس میں کا ایک
معمولی دروازہ فقر ہے۔ اس بارے میں صاحب مرقات نے لکھا ہے کہ اس سے مراد دل کا فقر ہے کہ
جب دل کا فقر دور ہو جاتا ہے تو اصل غنا حاصل ہو جاتا ہے جو حاجات سے انسان کو بے نیاز کر دیتا
ہے اور اگر ظاہری فقر کو بھی اس سے مراد لیا جائے تو کوئی بات بعید نہیں کہ اس کی برکت سے اللہ تعالیٰ
حاجت روائی بھی فرما دیتے ہیں۔12
Abu Sa'id and Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Whoever says: 'La ilaha illa Allah, wa Allahu Akbar' (There is no god but Allah, and Allah is the Greatest), his Lord affirms him, saying: 'There is no god but Me, and I am the Greatest.' When he says: 'La ilaha illa Allahu wahdahu la sharika lahu' (There is no god but Allah alone, without partner), Allah says: 'There is no god but Me alone, without partner.' When he says: 'La ilaha illa Allah, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-hamd' (There is no god but Allah, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise), Allah says: 'There is no god but Me, to Me belongs all sovereignty and praise.' When he says: 'La ilaha illa Allah, wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billah' (There is no god but Allah, and there is no power nor strength except with Allah), Allah says: 'There is no god but Me, and there is no power nor strength except with Me.'" He also said, "Whoever says this during illness and then dies, the Fire will not touch him."
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "'SubhanAllah' is the prayer of creation, 'Alhamdulillah' is the phrase of gratitude, 'La ilaha illa Allah' is the phrase of sincerity, and 'Allahu Akbar' fills what is between the heavens and the earth. When a servant says: 'La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah,' Allah says: 'He has submitted and surrendered.'"
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, "Teach me some words to say." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Say: 'La ilaha illa Allahu wahdahu la sharika lahu, Allahu Akbaru kabeera, walhamdulillahi katheera, subhanAllahi Rabbil-'alameen, la hawla wa la quwwata illa billahil-'Azeezil-Hakeem' (There is no god but Allah alone, without partner, Allah is the Greatest, all praise is due to Allah abundantly, glory be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, there is no power nor strength except with Allah, the Almighty, the Wise)." The Bedouin asked, "These are for my Lord, but what is for me?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Say: 'Allahumma-ghfir li warhamni wahdini warzuqni' (O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, and provide for me)."
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: He entered with the Prophet (ﷺ) upon a woman who had date stones or pebbles in front of her, which she used to count her Tasbeeh. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Shall I inform you of what is easier and better than this? Say: 'SubhanAllahi 'adada ma khalaqa fis-sama', wa subhanAllahi 'adada ma khalaqa fil-ard, wa subhanAllahi 'adada ma bayna dhalik, wa subhanAllahi 'adada ma huwa khaliq, wa Allahu Akbaru mithla dhalik, walhamdulillahi mithla dhalik, wa la ilaha illa Allahu mithla dhalik, wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billahi mithla dhalik' (Glory be to Allah, as much as what He created in the heavens, glory be to Allah, as much as what He created in the earth, glory be to Allah, as much as what is between them, glory be to Allah, as much as what He will create, and Allah is the Greatest likewise, all praise is due to Allah likewise, there is no god but Allah likewise, and there is no power nor strength except with Allah likewise)."
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Sunan Abi Dawud 1500 (unverified) 97% confidence
Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 3568 (unverified) 94% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 1
Date stones or pebbles...
(1) His statement: "Date stones or pebbles..." – Ali al-Qari said: "This is a valid basis for permitting the use of prayer beads (misbahah), as they serve the same purpose. There is no difference between strung and loose items for counting. The claim that prayer beads are an innovation is incorrect, as their origin is found in the Sunnah. The Prophet (ﷺ) did not forbid her but guided her to something easier and better. If it were disliked, he would have clarified it. The prayer beads are merely date stones threaded together, which does not warrant prohibition."
Al-Durr al-Mukhtar states: "There is no harm in using prayer beads without showing off." Al-Bahr, Al-Hilyah, and Al-Khazain mention this.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله : نوى أو حصى إلخ : وقال علي القارئ: هذا أصل صحيح لتجويز السبحة بتقريره ، فإنه في معناها؛ إذ لا فرقبين المنظومة والمنثورة فيما يعد به، ولا يعتد بقول من عدها بدعة، وقال المشايخ: إنها سوط الشيطان انتهى.
وفي الدر المختار»: لا بأس باتخاذ المسبحة لغير رياء، كما بسط في البحر» انتهى. المسبحة بكسر الميم آله التسبيحوالذي في «البحر» و «الحلية» و«الخزائن بدون ميم، قال في المصباح السبحة خرزات منظومة، وهو يقتضي كونها عربية. وقال الأزهري: كلمة مولدة وجمعها سبح، مثل: غرفة وغرف ودليل الجواز هذا الحديث فلم ينهها عن ذلك، وإنما أرشدها إلى ما هو أيسر وأفضل، ولو كان مكروها لبين لها ذلك، ولا تزيد السبحة على مضمون هذا الحديث إلا بضم النوى في خيط، ومثل ذلك لا يظهر تأثيره في منع، فلا جرم أن نقل اتخاذها والعمل بها عن جماعة من الصوفية الأخيار وغيرهم، اللهم إلا إذا ترتب عليه رياء وسمعة فلا كلام لنا فيه . رد المحتار» ملتقط منه.
Yaseerah (may Allah be pleased with her), one of the female emigrants, reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to us, "You must engage in Tasbeeh, Tahleel, and Taqdees (glorification, declaration of Oneness, and sanctification), and count with your fingers, for they will be questioned and will speak. Do not be heedless, lest you forget mercy."
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
Count with your fingers...
(1) His statement: "Count with your fingers..." – This indicates the permissibility of counting remembrances and serves as evidence for using prayer beads. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) had a thread with many knots for counting Tasbeeh. The claim that prayer beads are an innovation is incorrect, as their basis is found in the Sunnah. The Prophet (ﷺ) restricted counting to fingers to indicate the superior method. Mirqat al-Mafatih mentions this.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله : واعقدن بالأنامل إلخ وفيه جواز عد الأذكار ومأخذ سبحة الأبرار، وقد كان لأبي هريرة خيط فيه عقد كثيرة يسبح بها. وزعم أنها بدعة غير صحيح؛ لوجود أصلها في السنة، ولقوله : أصحابي كالنجوم بأيهم اقتديتم اهتديتم، وإنما قيد العقد بالأنامل دلالة على الأفضل. كذا في «المرقاة».
Note 1
ف: مذکورہ بالا صدر کی دو حدیثوں میں ایک میں تسبیحات کو شمار کرنے کے لئے کنکریوں اور
گٹھلیوں کا ذکر ہے اور دوسری حدیث میں انگلیوں کے پوروں پر تسبیحات کو شمار کرنے کا ارشاد ہے۔
اس بارے میں صاحب مرقات نے فرمایا ہے کہ: ان حدیثوں سے ثابت ہوتا ہے کہ تسبیح رکھنا
جائز ہے خواہ تسبیح کے دانے کسی ڈوری میں منسلک ہوں یا علیحدہ علیحدہ ہوں اس وجہ سے جو لوگ تسبیح
رکھنے کو بدعت قرار دے دیتے ہیں ان کی یہ بات مذکورہ حدیثوں کی روشنی میں قابل اعتبار نہیں چنانچہ
علمائے کرام اور مشائخ عظام نے تسبیح کو شیطان کے لئے کوڑا قرار دیا ہے۔
اسی وجہ سے درمختار میں لکھا ہے کہ اگر ریاکاری کا شائبہ نہ ہو تو اس کے استعمال میں کوئی
مضائقہ نہیں ہے۔ اور بحر الرائق میں بھی ایسا ہی مذکور ہے۔ اھ
مرقات میں یہ بھی مذکور ہے کہ حضرت ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ کے پاس ایک ڈوری تھی جس میں
بہت ساری گرہیں پڑی ہوئی تھیں۔ جس سے تسبیحات کے شمار کا کام لیا کرتے تھے۔ اس سے تسبیح رکھنے
کا جواز اور استحباب ثابت ہوتا ہے۔12
Commentary and footnotes (10)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) His statement: "And glorify Him..." – It is said that "glorify Him" means saying: "SubhanAllah" (Glory be to Allah), "Alhamdulillah" (All praise is due to Allah), "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah), "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), and "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah" (There is no power nor strength except with Allah). Some versions add: "Al-'Aliyy al-'Atheem" (The Most High, the Magnificent). Thus, "glorification" encompasses all these phrases. Tafsir al-Khazin and Al-Madarik mention this from Qatadah.
(2) His statement: "Morning and afternoon" – This indicates consistency, as mentioning the two extremes implies the middle as well. Tafsir al-Khazin mentions this.
(3) His statement: "So exalt [Allah] with praise..." – This verse indicates the virtue of Tasbeeh (glorification) and Tahmeed (praise), as Allah made them sufficient for expressing gratitude for the blessings of victory and conquest. Tafsir al-Khazin mentions this.
(4) His statement: "And magnify Him..." – The intended meaning is that "magnify Him" can mean saying "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), as mentioned in Al-Husseini. Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah mentions this.
Note 5
(5) His statement: "The best speech..." – Some scholars use this hadith as evidence that if a person swears not to speak for a day and then says "SubhanAllah," "Alhamdulillah," "La ilaha illa Allah," or "Allahu Akbar," he breaks his oath. This is the view of Imam Shafi'i, as these are all forms of speech. However, our scholars (Hanafis) say he does not break his oath, because although these phrases are linguistically speech, they are not considered "speaking" in common usage. Rather, one is called a "reciter" (qari') or "glorifier" (musabbih), not a "speaker" (mutakallim). The principle in oaths is that they are based on common usage unless a specific intention is made. This is supported by hadiths mentioned in Fath al-Qadeer and others. The Shafi'i school bases oaths on linguistic reality, while the Maliki school bases them on Quranic usage. This is summarized from Mirqat al-Mafatih, Fath al-Qadeer, 'Umdat al-Ri'ayah, and Al-Binayah.
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱) قوله: وسبحوه إلخ : قيل : معنى سبحوه: قولوا: سبحان الله والحمد لله، ولا إله إلا الله ، والله أكبر، ولا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله زاد في نسخة: «العلي العظيم فعبر بالتسبيح عن أخواته. قاله الخازن، وكذا في المدارك» عن قتادة.
(۲) قوله: بكرة وأصيلا : فيه إشارة إلى المداومة؛ لأن ذكر الطرفين يفهم منه الوسط أيضًا. قاله الخازن.
(۳) قوله : فسبح إلخ وفي الآية دليل على فضيلة التسبيح والتحميد حيث جعل ذلك كافيًا في أداء ما وجب عليه من شكر نعمته النصر والفتح. قاله الخازن.
(٤)قوله: وكبره إلخ : والمقصود عن ذكر الآية أنه يجوز أن يكون وكبره» بمعنى: وقُل: الله أكبر، على ما في الحسيني. كذا في التفسيرات الأحمدية.
Note 5
(٥)قوله : أفضل الكلام إلخ واحتج بهذا الحديث القائل بأن من حلف لا يتكلم اليوم فسبح أو هلل أو كبر أو ذكر الله فإنه يحنث، وهو قول الشافعي؛ لأن الكل كلام. وقال علماؤنا : لا يحنث؛ لأن هذا وإن كانت من الكلام لغة، لكن لا يُسمى بمثل ذلك متكلما عرفًا، بل قاريا ومسبحًا، فإن المتكلم عرفًا من يخاطب الناس ويتكلم بما يخاطب به الناس الأصل في هذا الباب أن مبنى الأيمان عندنا على العرف ما لم ينو محتمل لفظه؛ لأن المتكلم إنما يتكلم بالكلام العرفي وعلى هذا الأصل يتفرع فروع هذا الباب، ويؤيدنا الأحاديث التي ذكرت في فتح القدير وغيره، وعند الشافعي منبى الأيمان على الحقيقة اللغوية، وعند مالك على استعمال القراني، هذا حاصل ما في المرقاة» و«فتح القدير» و «عمد الرعاية» و«البناية».