English
Salim ibn ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar reported from his father: I participated in a battle with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) towards Najd. We encountered the enemy and lined up against them. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed with those who were with him, performing two prostrations. Then they withdrew, taking the place of the group that had not yet prayed. The new group came forward, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed one rak‘ah with them and performed two prostrations. Then, after he concluded with salam, each one of them stood up and completed a rak‘ah and two prostrations on their own.
Nafi‘ reported a similar narration and added: “If the fear is greater than that, they should pray while standing on their feet or while riding, facing the qiblah or not.”
Nafi‘ said: “I do not think Ibn ‘Umar mentioned this except from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).” [Narrated by Bukhari]
In another narration of Bukhari: “Then they should pray while standing or riding.”
In a narration of Muslim: “He prayed while riding or standing, indicating the movements with gestures.”
Qur’an-related source paragraphs
And the saying of Allah, the Almighty:
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
- Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 942 (unverified) 97% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) The saying “then [pray] while walking” – The Shafi‘i scholars used “walking” as evidence for the validity of a fearful person praying while moving. Thus, in their view, if it is valid, then it is obligatory at the time of combat as well. However, our scholars responded that the term refers to someone on his feet, whether standing or walking, as it is a general concept that includes both. Since walking is a significant action and no specific text permits it in prayer, it invalidates the prayer due to its unrestricted nature. As it is not valid while walking, the prayer is delayed in times of intense fighting, just as it was postponed on the Day of the Battle of the Trench. The Prayer of Fear was revealed earlier in the expedition of Dhat al-Riqa‘, as narrated in Ruh al-Ma‘ani from Abu Ishaq and other historians. This was stated in Bayan al-Qur’an.
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱) قوله: فرجالا : استدل الشافعية بـ «رجالا على صحة صلاة الخائف ماشيا، فلما صح يفترض عنده وقت المسايفة أيضا. وأجاب علماؤنا أنه جمع راجل بمعنى الكائن على رجليه، ولو واقفا؛ فإنه مشترك معنوي بين الماشي والواقف. ولما كان المشي عملا كثيرًا ولم يدل نص على تجويزه كان مفسدًا للصلاة؛ للإطلاق. ولما لم يصح ماشيا تؤخر وقت الجز و المسايفة، كما أخر يوم الأحزاب، وقد نزلت صلاة الخوف قبل ذلك في ذات الرقاع»، كما نقله في روحالمعاني عن أبي إسحاق وغيره أهل السير. قاله في بيان القرآن».