English
Dawud ibn Kurdus said: “A Christian man from our people, the Banu Taghlib, was married to a Christian woman. She embraced Islam and brought their case before Umar. He 1 said to the man, ‘Embrace Islam; otherwise, I shall separate the two of you.’ The man replied, ‘I did not embrace Islam because I was embarrassed that the Arabs might say I had embraced Islam for the sake of having sexual relations with a woman.’ Dawud said: Umar then separated them”.
Second printed occurrence of 3275 in volume 2; English supplied by Zujajah remaining Ahadith.docx. The typed Arabic prints this block separately.
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 1
Regarding the statement, “He said to him, ‘Embrace Islam,’” and so on, al-Kanz and its commentary by al-Ayni state: “According to our school, if one of the spouses embraces Islam, the other is invited to embrace Islam. If the other embraces Islam, they remain together; otherwise, they are separated.” Shafi‘i said that a person who persists in disbelief should not be invited to embrace Islam, because this would expose them to harm. However, the marriage bond before consummation is not firmly established, so it ends as soon as one spouse embraces Islam. After consummation, the bond is firmly established, so the other spouse is given until the end of three menstrual cycles. Our evidence is that Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) separated a Christian man and a Christian woman because the man refused to embrace Islam. This was narrated by Tahaawi and by Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi in al-Aridah, his commentary on Sunan al-Tirmidhi. Their ruling was known among them, and no disagreement concerning it has been transmitted to us; therefore, it constituted a consensus. This is the end of the quotation. In summary, Abu Hanifah held that separation between the spouses occurs through any one of three things: the expiry of the waiting period; inviting the other spouse to embrace Islam and their refusal; or either spouse moving from the Muslim territory to the territory of war, or vice versa. According to him, the ruling is the same whether one spouse embraces Islam before or after consummation. This is stated in al-Mirqat.
Note 1
(۱)قوله: فقال له أسلم إلخ لذلك قال في «الكنز» وشرحه للعيني ولو أسلم أحد الزوجين عرض الإسلام على الآخر عندنا، فإن أسلم وإلا فرق بينهما. وقال الشافعي: لا يعرض على المصر الإسلام؛ لأن فيه تعريضا لهم، إلا أن ملك النكاح قبل الدخول غير متأكد، فينقطع بنفس الإسلام، وبعده متأكد فيؤجل إلى انقضاء ثلاث حيض. ولنا أن عمر بن الخطاب الله فرق بين نصراني ونصرانية بإبائه عن الإسلام، رواه الطحاوي وأبو بكر بن العربي في «العارضة» أي شرح الترمذي. وظهر حكمهم بينهم، ولم ينقل إلينا خلافه، فكان إجماعا ، انتهى. حاصله: أن أبا حنيفة قال: تحصل الفرقة بينهما بأحد ثلاثة أمور : انقضاء العدة أو عرض الإسلام على الآخر مع الامتناع عنه أو بنقل أحدهما من دار الإسلام إلى دار الحرب أو بالعكس، وسواء عنده الإسلام قبل الدخول أو بعده. كذا في «المرقاة».