English
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: A man came and said: "O Messenger of Allah! What if a man comes wanting to take my property?" He said: "Do not give him your property." He said: "What if he fights me?" He said: "Fight him." He said: "What if he kills me?" He said: "Then you are a martyr." He said: "What if I kill him?" He said: "He is in the Fire." [Narrated by Muslim]
In an agreed-upon narration from Abdullah ibn Amr, he said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr.'"
Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, and Al-Nasa’i narrated from Sa’id ibn Zayd that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is killed defending his religion is a martyr, whoever is killed defending his life is a martyr, whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr, and whoever is killed defending his family is a martyr."
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
- Candidate: Sahih Muslim 140a (unverified) 99% confidence
- Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 2480 (unverified) 97% confidence
- Candidate: Sahih Muslim 141 (unverified) 94% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (4)
Note 1
(1) His statement: “He said: 'What if I kill him?' He said: 'He is in the Fire'”: This permits killing one who intends to take property unjustly, whether little or much, due to the generality of the Hadith. This is the view of the majority of scholars. Some of Malik’s companions said: "It is not permissible to kill him if he demands something minor like a garment or food." This is nothing, and the correct view is that of the majority. It also indicates that if the aggressor is killed, there is no blood money or retribution for him, and if the defender is killed, he is a martyr. So it is stated in (Umdat al-Qari). It is said in (Al-Mirqat): "The general view of the scholars is that if a man’s property, life, or family is targeted, he may repel the aggressor by the best means. If he cannot prevent it except by fighting and kills him, there is nothing upon him." It is said in (Al-Durr al-Mukhtar): "Whoever transgresses against a man’s sanctities, it is permissible for him to kill him, even if he does not find evidence, so retribution applies in worldly rulings, and there is no sin in the hereafter." In another place: "If someone enters another’s house at night and steals, and the owner follows and kills him, there is nothing upon him, due to his (ﷺ) statement: 'Fight for your property.' Likewise, if he kills him before taking, if he intended to take his property and could not repel him except by killing." (Sadr al-Shari’ah).
Note 2
(2) His statement: “Whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr”: It is said in (Al-Durr al-Mukhtar): "It is permissible to fight for one’s property, even if it does not reach the minimum amount, and to kill whoever fights him for it, due to the generality of the Hadith: 'Whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr.'" (Fath).
Note 1
(١) قوله: ومن قتل دون ماله فهو شهيد: وقال في (الدر المختار) ويجوز أن يقاتل دون ماله وإن لم يبلغ نصابًا، ويقتل من يقاتله عليه؛ لإطلاق الحديث: (من قتل دون ماله فهو شهيد)، (فتح).
Note 2
(٢) قوله: قال: أرأيت إن قتلته؟ قال: هو في النار: فيه جواز قتل القاصد لأخذ المال بغير حق سواء كان قليلا أو كثيرا؛ لعموم الحديث. وهذا قول جماهير العلماء. وقال بعض أصحاب مالك: لا يجوز قتله إذا طلب شيئًا يسير كالثوب والطعام. وهذا ليس بشيء، والصواب ما قالهالجماهير، وفيه أن القاصد إذا قتل لا دية له ولا قصاص، وفيه أن الدافع إذا قتل يكون شهيدًا. قاله في (عمدة القاري). وقال في (المرقاة): وعامة العلماء على أن الرجل إذا قصد ماله أو دمه أو أهله فله دفع القاصد بالأحسن، فإن لم يمتنع إلا بالمقاتلة، فقتله فلا شيء عليه انتهى. وفي (الدر المختار): من تعدى على محارم رجل يجوز له قتله وإن لم يجد البيئة فيقتصفي أحكام الدنيا ولا حرج عليه في أحكام الآخرة. وقال في موضع آخر منه: ومن دخل عليه غيره ليلًا فأخرج السرقة من بيته فأتبعه ربُّ البيت فقتله فلا شيء عليه؛ لقوله ﷺ: (قاتل دون مالك)، وكذا لو قتله قبل الأخذ إذا قصد أخذ ماله ولم يتمكن من دفعه إلا بالقتل. صدر الشريعة.