English
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Two women, each with her son, were together when a wolf took the son of one of them. Her companion said: ‘It took your son.’ The other said: ‘No, it took your son.’ They sought judgment from David, who ruled 1 in favor of the elder. They went to Solomon, son of David, and informed him. He said: ‘Bring me a knife; I will divide him between them.’ The younger said: ‘Do not do it, may Allah have mercy on you; he is her son.’ So he ruled 2 in favor of the younger.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
- Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 3427 (unverified) 99% confidence
- Candidate: Sahih Muslim 1720a (unverified) 97% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (4)
Note 1
(1) His statement: “who ruled in favor of the elder”: Either because she had possession, per the legal principle that the possessor has priority, or because the child resembled her, based on physiognomy, as held by Ash-Shafi’i. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
Note 2
(2) His statement: “So he ruled in favor of the younger”: A commentator said: Both rulings were correct, as they were based on ijtihad, and their judgments in this case relied on evidence. However, Solomon’s evidence was stronger in appearance. If asked: How could Solomon overturn his father David’s ruling? The response is from several perspectives: The stronger evidence takes precedence in their view. If the elder admitted it was the younger’s child, there is no issue, as an admission after a ruling is valid in our law, as when a defendant admits after the ruling that the right belongs to the claimant. Allah, the Exalted, knows best. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
Note 1
(۱) قوله: فقضى به للكبرى: إما لكونه في يدها على مقتضى القاعدة الشرعية أن صاحبة اليد أولى، أو لأنه أشبه بها على اعتبار علم القيافة، كما قال به الشافعي. كذا في «المرقاة».
Note 2
(۲) قوله: فقضى به للصغرى قال شارح واعلم أن قضاءهما حق؛ لكونهما مجتهدين، ومستند قضاءهما في هذه القضية هي القرينة، لكن القرينة التي قضى بها سليمان أقوى من حيث الظاهر. فإن قيل: كيف نقض سليمان حكم أبيه داود ؟ فالجواب من وجوه منها: أن القرينة الأقوى كانت عندهما بالاعتبار هو الأولى، وأما لو صح إقرار الكبرى بأنه للصغرى فلا إشكال كل حال؛ لأن الإقرار بعد الحكم معتبر في شرعنا أيضًا، كما إذا اعترف المحكوم عليه بعد الحكم بأن الحق لخصمه، والله تعالى أعلم. كذا في «المرقاة».