Hadith 2248

(1) The statement: "Spend from the good things which you have earned." In Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah, it is mentioned that the author of Al-Madarik explicitly stated that the verse "Spend from the good things which you have earned" (Quran 2:267) is evidence for the obligation of Zakat on trade wealth.

(2) The statement: "And from what We have produced for you from the earth." Imam Al-Zahid explicitly stated that the verse "And from what We have produced for you from the earth" (Quran 2:267) is evidence for the obligation of 'Ushr (one-tenth Zakat on agricultural produce). Other commentators have explained that "what We have produced for you" refers to grains, fruits, minerals, and other things. Thus, the verse encompasses both 'Ushr on produce and Khums (one-fifth) on minerals. This is mentioned in Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah. In Umdat al-Qari, some of our scholars said: "The evidence for Abu Hanifa's opinion is the generality of the verse: 'O you who believe, spend from the good things which you have earned and from what We have produced for you from the earth' (Quran 2:267), and the verse: 'And give its due on the day of its harvest' (Quran 6:141). The hadiths relied upon by the first group are Ahad (singular narrations) and cannot override the Quran."

(3) The statement: "And give its due." The author of Al-Madarik said: "This is evidence for Abu Hanifa's opinion on the generality of 'Ushr. This is called Zakat on produce in jurisprudence. The explanation of the issue is that, according to Abu Hanifa, Zakat is obligatory on everything produced by the earth except firewood, reeds, and grass. However, a distinction is made between what is irrigated by flowing water or rain and what is irrigated by manual labor or a waterwheel. The obligation for the former is 'Ushr (one-tenth), and for the latter, it is half of 'Ushr (one-twentieth), due to the difference in effort and cost. He did not stipulate that it must remain for a year or reach five Awsuq (a specific measure)." This is mentioned in Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah.

(4) The statement: "And those who hoard gold and silver." This indicates that Zakat is obligatory on gold and silver because severe punishment is attached to withholding it, and such punishment is only for neglecting an obligation. It is likely that the verse is general for both men and women, even though the masculine form is used. Thus, it is evidence for the obligation of Zakat on women's jewelry, as the forehead, sides, and backs mentioned in the verse may refer to the places where women wear jewelry. This is evidence against Al-Shafi'i's opinion that Zakat is not obligatory on women's jewelry. In Sharh al-Usul by Ibn al-Hajib, it is mentioned: "The general statement intended for praise or blame is considered general according to us, contrary to Al-Shafi'i. This is why he did not obligate Zakat on women's jewelry, even though the verse 'And those who hoard gold and silver' (Quran 9:34) is a general statement intended to blame those who withhold Zakat." This is the summary of what is in Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmadiyyah.

(1) The statement: "On what is irrigated by rain or springs." According to Al-Shafi'i, 'Ushr is obligatory on what the earth produces if it is a staple food. According to us, it is obligatory on everything the earth produces, whether it is a staple or not, such as cucumbers, watermelons, and pomegranates. This hadith is clear in its generality for both staple and non-staple produce. This is mentioned in Al-Mirqat.

(۱) قوله: من طيبات ما كسبتم: وقال في التفسيرات الأحمدية»: وقد صرح صاحب «المدارك» أن في قوله تعالى: أَنفِقُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ﴾ (البقرة: ٢٦٧) دليل وجوب الزكاة في أموال التجارة.

(۲) قوله: مما أخرجنا لكم من الأرض: وصرح الإمام الزاهد: أن في قوله تعالى : ﴿وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُم مِّنَ الْأَرْضِ(البقرة: ٢٦٧) لكم من الأرض دليل وجوب العشر، وفي كلام باقي المفسرين أن ما أخرجنا هو الحبة والثمار والمعادن وغيرها، فحينئذ يتناول الآية عشر الخارج وخمس المعادن جميعا. قاله في التفسيرات الأحمدية». وفي «عمدة القاري»: وقال بعض أصحابنا : حجة أبي حنيفة فيها ذهب إليه عموم قوله تعالى: يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ أَنفِقُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُم مِّنَ الْأَرْضِ ﴾ (البقرة: ٢٦٧)، وقوله تعالى: ﴿وَمَاتُواْ حَقَّهُ يَوْمَ حَصَادِي ) (الأنعام: ١٤١) والأحاديث التي تعلقت بها أهل المقالة الأولى أخبار آحاد فلا تقبل في مقابلة الكتاب.

(۱) قوله: فيما سقت إلخ العشر يجب عند الشافعي فيما تنبته الأرض إذا كان قوتا، وعندنا فيما تنبته الأرض قُوتا كان أو لا، كالقثاء والبطيخ والرمان. هذا الحديث ظاهر في عموم المقتات وغيرها. كذا في «المرقاة».