Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If anyone of you intends to approach his wife, let him say: 'In the name of Allah. O Allah, keep Satan away from us and from what You provide us.' If Allah decrees that they should have a child, Satan will never harm it."
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Commentary and footnotes (4)
Chapter-heading commentary
Various supplications for different occasions
(1) The statement "Various supplications for different occasions" - Know that whatever has been prescribed by the Lawgiver for specific times or situations should be practiced by everyone at least once to follow the Sunnah. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
Chapter-heading commentary
قوله
(۱)قوله: الدعوات المتفرقة في الأوقات واعلم أن كل ما ورد من الشارع في زمن أو حال مخصوص يسن لكل أحد أن يأتي به لذلك، ولو مرة للاتباع. قاله في «المرقاة».
قوله
(۱) قوله: يقول عند الكرب إلخ في هذا الذكر إشارة بأنه لا يقدر أحد على إزالة الغم إلا الله. قال الطيبي : هذا ذكر يترتب عليه رفع الكرب. قاله في المرقاة». وقال النووي: وهو حديث جليل ينبغي الاعتناء به، والإكثار عنه عند الكرب، والأمور العظيمة. قال الطبري: كان السلف يدعون به ويسمونه دعاء الكرب انتهى. وقال ابن بطال : حدثني أبو بكر الرازي قال: كنت بأصبهان عند أبي نعيم أكتب الحديث عنه، وهناك شيخ يقال له : أبو بكر بن علي عليه مدار الفتيا، فسعى به عند السلطان، فسجنه، فرأيت النبي في المنام وجبريل عن يمينه يحرك شفتيه بالتسبيح لا يفتر، فقال لي النبي قل لأبي بكر بن علي يدعو بدعاء الكرب الذي في صحيح البخاري حتى يفرج الله عنه، فأصبحت فأخبرته، فدعا به فلم يكن إلا قليلا حتى أخرج من السجن. كذا في «عمدة القاري».
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف میں ارشاد ہے کہ بیوی سے صحبت کرنے سے پہلے اللہ تعالیٰ کا نام لینے
سے بچہ شیطان کے ضرر سے محفوظ رہتا ہے، علماء نے اس حفاظت کی تفصیل میں کہا ہے کہ شیطان بچہ کو
کافر نہیں کرسکتا اور اس کا خاتمہ بالخیر ہوگا یا اس کو جنون یا مرگی کے مرض میں مبتلا نہیں کرے گا الغرض بچہ
شیطان کے تصرف سے محفوظ رہے گا اور یہ سب اللہ کے ذکر کی برکتیں ہیں۔ (مرقات12)۔
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would say during times of distress: "There is no god but Allah, the All-Mighty, the Forbearing. There is no god but Allah, Lord of the Mighty Throne. There is no god but Allah, Lord of the heavens and earth, and Lord of the Noble Throne."
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Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
He would say during times of distress
(1) The statement "He would say during times of distress" - This supplication indicates that no one can remove distress except Allah. At-Tibi said this is a remembrance that leads to the removal of distress. An-Nawawi said this is a noble hadith that should be given attention and frequently recited during difficulties. At-Tabari said the early scholars would recite it and called it "the supplication of distress." Ibn Battal narrated that Abu Bakr ar-Razi saw the Prophet (ﷺ) in a dream telling him to recite this supplication, and when he did, he was released from prison. As mentioned in Umdat al-Qari.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: يقول عند الكرب إلخ في هذا الذكر إشارة بأنه لا يقدر أحد على إزالة الغم إلا الله. قال الطيبي : هذا ذكر يترتب عليه رفع الكرب. قاله في المرقاة». وقال النووي: وهو حديث جليل ينبغي الاعتناء به، والإكثار عنه عند الكرب، والأمور العظيمة. قال الطبري: كان السلف يدعون به ويسمونه دعاء الكرب انتهى. وقال ابن بطال : حدثني أبو بكر الرازي قال: كنت بأصبهان عند أبي نعيم أكتب الحديث عنه، وهناك شيخ يقال له : أبو بكر بن علي عليه مدار الفتيا، فسعى به عند السلطان، فسجنه، فرأيت النبي في المنام وجبريل عن يمينه يحرك شفتيه بالتسبيح لا يفتر، فقال لي النبي قل لأبي بكر بن علي يدعو بدعاء الكرب الذي في صحيح البخاري حتى يفرج الله عنه، فأصبحت فأخبرته، فدعا به فلم يكن إلا قليلا حتى أخرج من السجن. كذا في «عمدة القاري».
Note 1
ف: واضح ہوکہ دعاء الکرب سختی اور کرب کے وقت مفید اور مجرب ہے۔ جیسے کوئی درد لاحق ہو یا
آگ لگ جاوے یا پانی میں ڈوبنے لگے یا کسی اور بلا میں پھنس جاوے۔ چنانچہ امام نووی رحمۃ اللہ علیہ
نے فرمایا ہے کہ اس حدیث پر توجہ دینی چاہئے اور شدت تکلیف کے وقت اس پر عمل کرنا چاہئے۔ علامہ
طبری نے کہا ہے کہ سلف کا اس پر عمل تھا اور وہ بھی اس دعاء کو دعاء الکرب کہتے تھے۔ علامہ ابن بطال
نے بیان کیا ہے کہ مجھ سے ابوبکر رازی نے کہا کہ: میں ایک مرتبہ اصفہان میں شیخ ابو نعیم کے پاس
حدیث لکھا کرتا تھا اور وہاں ایک شیخ رہا کرتے تھے جن کا نام ابوبکر بن علی تھا اور وہ افتاء کا کام کیا کرتے
تھے۔ بادشاہ وقت کے پاس کسی نے ان کی شکایت کی تو بادشاہ نے ان کو قید میں ڈال دیا۔ ابوبکر رازی
نے کہا کہ میں حضور نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کو خواب میں دیکھا اور اس وقت حضرت جبرئیل علیہ
السلام آپ کے سیدھی جانب میں اور مسلسل بغیر تھکے کے تسبیح پڑھ رہے ہیں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ
وسلم نے مجھ سے ارشاد فرمایا: ابوبکر بن علی سے کہو کہ وہ صحیح بخاری میں جو دعاء الکرب مروی ہے اس کو
پڑھے تاکہ اللہ تعالیٰ ان کی مصیبت کو دور فرما دے۔ میں نے اس خواب کی اطلاع ابوبکر بن علی کو دی اور
انہوں نے اس دعا کو پڑھنا شروع کیا اور تھوڑے دن نہ گزرے تھے کہ قید سے ان کو رہائی مل گئی۔ یہ
واقعہ عمدۃ القاری میں مذکور ہے۔ اس واقعہ سے اس دعا کی اہمیت معلوم ہوتی ہے۔
Abu Bakra (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The supplication of the distressed is: 'O Allah, I hope for Your mercy, so don't leave me to myself even for a blink of an eye. Rectify all my affairs. There is no god but You.'"
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was distressed by something, he would say: "O Ever-Living, O Sustainer, I seek help through Your mercy."
Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is overwhelmed by worries should say: 'O Allah, I am Your servant, son of Your servant, son of Your maidservant. My forelock is in Your hand. Your command over me is executed. Your decree concerning me is just. I ask You by every name belonging to You with which You have named Yourself, or revealed in Your Book, or taught to any of Your creation, or kept with You in the knowledge of the unseen, to make the Qur'an the spring of my heart, the light of my chest, and the remover of my grief.' No servant says this except that Allah removes his grief and replaces it with relief."
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, I am overwhelmed by worries and debts." He said, "Shall I teach you words to say that will remove your worries and pay your debts? Say morning and evening: 'O Allah, I seek refuge in You from worry and grief, from incapacity and laziness, from cowardice and miserliness, and from being overwhelmed by debt and overpowered by men.'" The man did so, and Allah removed his worries and paid his debts.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a slave who was trying to earn his freedom came to him saying he couldn't manage. Ali said, "Shall I teach you words the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) taught me? If you had a debt like a huge mountain, Allah would pay it for you. Say: 'O Allah, suffice me with what You have made lawful against what You have made unlawful, and make me independent of all besides You.'"
Sulaiman ibn Surad (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that two men were quarreling in the presence of the Prophet (ﷺ), one cursing the other in anger with a red face. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I know a word that if he says it, his anger will go away: 'I seek refuge with Allah from Satan the accursed.'" They told the man, "Don't you hear what the Prophet is saying?" He replied, "I'm not crazy."
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "When you hear a rooster crow, ask Allah of His bounty, for it has seen an angel. When you hear a donkey bray, seek refuge with Allah from Satan, for it has seen a Satan."
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Commentary and footnotes (5)
Note 1
it has seen an angel
(1) The statement "it has seen an angel" indicates the recommendation to supplicate when righteous beings are present, as mercy descends at their mention. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
Note 2
it has seen a Satan
(2) The statement "it has seen a Satan" indicates the descent of wrath and punishment upon disbelievers, so one should seek refuge when passing by them. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
Note 1
قوله
(۱)قوله: فإنها رأت ملكا فيه استحباب الدعاء عند حضور الصالحين؛ فإن عند ذكرهم تنزل الرحمة فضلا عن وجودهم وحضورهم، فيستحب عند ذلك طلب الرحمة والبركة من الله الكريم. كذا في «المرقاة».
Note 2
قوله
(٢) قوله: فإنه رأى شيطانا: هذا يَدلُّ على نزول الغضب والعذاب على أهل الكفر، فيستحب الاستعاذة عند مرورهم خوفا أن يصيبه من شرورهم. قاله في «المرقاة».
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف سے معلوم ہوا کہ گدھا شیطان کو دیکھ کر پکارتا ہے اور مرغ فرشتہ کو دیکھ
کر بانگ دیتا ہے۔ گدھا حماقت اور زیادہ کھانے کے سبب شیطان سے مناسبت رکھتا ہے اور مرغ
سخاوت، شجاعت اور کم خوابی میں فرشتہ سے مناسبت رکھتا ہے۔ فرشتہ کے سامنے دعاء کا حکم اس لئے دیا
گیا کہ فرشتہ بھی دعاء میں شریک ہو جائے۔ اور اس سے یہ بھی معلوم ہوا کہ صالحین کے حضور میں دعاء
مستحب ہے اور شیطان کے شر سے بچنے کے لئے استعاذہ مستحب ہے۔ 12 (مرقات)
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: "When you hear dogs barking or donkeys braying at night, seek refuge with Allah, for they see what you don't see."
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Prophet (ﷺ) bid farewell to someone, he would take his hand and not let go until the man let go first. He would say: "I entrust to Allah your religion, your trust, and your final deeds." In another narration: "and the conclusion of your deeds."
Abdullah al-Khitmi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wanted to bid farewell to an army, he would say: "I entrust to Allah your religion, your trust, and the conclusion of your deeds."
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "O Messenger of Allah, I intend to travel, so supply me." He said, "May Allah supply you with piety." The man said, "Add more." He said, "And forgive your sins." The man said, "Add more, by my father and mother!" He said, "And make good easy for you wherever you are."
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ کوئی شخص بوقت سفر دعاء کی درخواست کرے تو
اس طرح دعاء دینی چاہئے: زَوَّدَكَ اللَّهُ التَّقْوَى، وَيَسَّرَ لَكَ الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ۔12
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man said, "O Messenger of Allah, I intend to travel, so advise me." He said, "Hold to taqwa of Allah and say 'Allahu Akbar' on every elevation." When the man turned to leave, he said, "O Allah, shorten the distance for him and make the journey easy."
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) mounted his camel for travel, he would say "Allahu Akbar" three times, then say: "Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us, for we could never have done it by ourselves. Indeed, to our Lord we are returning (Qur'an 43:13-14). O Allah, we ask You for righteousness and piety in this journey, and for deeds that please You. O Allah, make this journey easy for us and shorten its distance. O Allah, You are the Companion on the journey and the Successor over the family and wealth. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the hardships of travel, gloomy scenes, and bad return in wealth and family." When returning, he would say the same and add: "Returning, repenting, worshiping, and praising our Lord."
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when he was given a mount to ride, he would say "Bismillah" when placing his foot in the stirrup, "Alhamdulillah" when seated, then recite "Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us..." (Qur'an 43:13-14). Then he would say "Alhamdulillah" three times, "Allahu Akbar" three times, and "Subhanaka, I have wronged myself, so forgive me, for none forgives sins but You." Then he laughed. When asked why, he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) do the same and laugh. When I asked why, he said, 'Your Lord is amazed at His servant when he says, "Forgive my sins," knowing that none forgives sins but Me.'"
Abdullah ibn Sarjis (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) traveled, he would seek refuge from the hardships of travel, gloomy scenes, regression after progress, the supplication of the oppressed, and seeing evil in family and wealth.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "When we ascended (a hill), we would say 'Allahu Akbar,' and when we descended, we would say 'SubhanAllah.'"
Khawla bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that she heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Whoever stops at a place and says, 'I seek refuge in Allah's perfect words from the evil of what He has created,' nothing will harm him until he leaves that place."
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "O Messenger of Allah, I was stung by a scorpion last night." He said, "Had you said when evening came, 'I seek refuge in Allah's perfect words from the evil of what He has created,' it wouldn't have harmed you."
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: واضح ہو کہ ترمذی کی ایک روایت میں یوں مروی ہے کہ جو کوئی مذکورہ کلمات کو شام کے
وقت تین بار پڑھے تو کسی جانور کا زہر اس کو نقصان نہیں پہنچا سکتا۔ اور ایک روایت میں یوں ہے کہ
جو کوئی صبح کے وقت مذکورہ دعاء کو پڑھے تو وہ دن میں مؤذی چیزوں سے محفوظ رہتا ہے۔ اور حضرت
معقل بن یسار رضی اللہ عنہ سے مروی ہے کہ جو شخص یہ دعاء پڑھتا ہے تو ستر(70) ہزار فرشتے اس کی
مغفرت کی دعاء کرتے ہیں اگر وہ مر جائے تو شہید مرتا ہے۔
(مرقات12)
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) traveled and night fell, he would say: "O earth, my Lord and your Lord is Allah. I seek refuge in Allah from lions, black snakes, scorpions, the evil of inhabitants, and from parent and child."
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Prophet (ﷺ) was traveling and reached dawn, he would say: "A listener has heard our praise of Allah and His excellent favor upon us. Our Lord, accompany us and bestow favor upon us. I seek refuge in Allah from the Fire."
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated: Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) returned from a battle or Hajj or Umrah, he would say Takbir (Allahu Akbar) three times at every elevated place on the way, then say: "There is no god but Allah alone, Who has no partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is Able to do all things. We are returning, repenting, worshipping, prostrating to our Lord, and praising Him. Allah has fulfilled His promise, granted victory to His servant, and alone defeated the allied clans."
Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) invoked Allah against the pagans on the Day of the Clans, saying: "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Swift in taking account! O Allah, defeat the clans! O Allah, defeat them and shake them."
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went to battle, he would say: "O Allah, You are my support and my helper. By You I move, by You I attack, and by You I fight."
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: On the Day of the Trench we said: "O Messenger of Allah, is there anything we should say as our hearts have reached our throats (out of fear)?" He said: "Yes. Say: 'O Allah, cover our weaknesses and calm our fears.'" He said: So Allah struck the faces of their enemies with wind, and Allah defeated them with the wind.
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: واضح ہو کہ غزوۂ خندق جس کو احزاب بھی کہتے ہیں اس کا ذکر سورہ احزاب میں مذکور
ہے۔ یہاں مختصراً بیان کیا جاتا ہے۔
ہجرت کے چھٹے سال یہود بنی نضیر جن کو مدینہ سے نکالا گیا تھا ہر قبیلہ میں پھرے اور قریش،
فزارہ، غطفان اور بنی قریظہ کے بارہ ہزار آدمیوں کو جمع کر کے مدینہ منورہ پر حملہ کیا مسلمان صرف تین
ہزار تھے۔ حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے حضرت سلمان فارسی رضی اللہ عنہ کے مشورہ سے خندق
کھدوائی۔ ایک مہینہ تک مشرکین نے محاصرہ کیا لیکن حملہ میں کامیاب نہ ہو سکے۔ ایک رات اللہ تعالیٰ
نے ایک آندھی بھیجی جس کی وجہ سے (دشمنوں کے خیمے اکھڑ گئے، آگ بجھ گئی، گھوڑے بھاگ کھڑے
ہوئے لشکر برباد ہو گیا۔ ناچار سارے قبائل واپس ہو گئے۔ حاشیہ مشکاۃ۔12
Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when he feared a people: "O Allah, we make You their adversary, and we seek refuge in You from their evils."
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Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
when he feared a people
(1) The statement: "when he feared a people" - In Al-Hisn it is mentioned: "If one fears an enemy or others, reciting Surah Quraysh is protection from every evil - this has been tried." As mentioned in Al-Maraqi.
Note 1
قوله
(۱)قوله : إذا خاف قوما وفي «الحصن»: وإن خاف من عدو وغيره فقراءة لإيلاف قريش أمان من كل سوء مجرب. قاله في «المرقاة».
Note 1
ف: واضح ہو کہ مرقات میں حصن حصین کے حوالہ سے لکھا ہے کہ دشمن وغیرہ سے خوف کے موقع
پر سورۃ لِاِیلافِ قُرَیْشٍ کا پڑھنا اور اس خوف سے سلامتی کے لئے بھی مجرب ہے۔
Abdullah ibn Busr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stayed at my father's house. We presented some food and a small water-skin to him, and he ate from it. Then dates were brought and he ate them, putting the date pits between his fingers (index and middle). Then he was given a drink which he drank, after which my father took hold of his mount's reins and said: "Pray to Allah for us." So he said: "O Allah, bless for them what You have provided them, forgive them and have mercy on them."
Talha ibn Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when he saw the new moon: "O Allah, let this moon appear on us with blessing, faith, safety and Islam. My Lord and your Lord is Allah."
Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to say when he saw the new moon: "A crescent of goodness and guidance, a crescent of goodness and guidance, a crescent of goodness and guidance. I believe in the One Who created you" (three times), then he would say: "Praise be to Allah Who has taken away such-and-such month and brought such-and-such month."
Commentary and footnotes (4)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) The statement "Various supplications for different occasions" - Know that whatever has been prescribed by the Lawgiver for specific times or situations should be practiced by everyone at least once to follow the Sunnah. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱)قوله: الدعوات المتفرقة في الأوقات واعلم أن كل ما ورد من الشارع في زمن أو حال مخصوص يسن لكل أحد أن يأتي به لذلك، ولو مرة للاتباع. قاله في «المرقاة».
(۱) قوله: يقول عند الكرب إلخ في هذا الذكر إشارة بأنه لا يقدر أحد على إزالة الغم إلا الله. قال الطيبي : هذا ذكر يترتب عليه رفع الكرب. قاله في المرقاة». وقال النووي: وهو حديث جليل ينبغي الاعتناء به، والإكثار عنه عند الكرب، والأمور العظيمة. قال الطبري: كان السلف يدعون به ويسمونه دعاء الكرب انتهى. وقال ابن بطال : حدثني أبو بكر الرازي قال: كنت بأصبهان عند أبي نعيم أكتب الحديث عنه، وهناك شيخ يقال له : أبو بكر بن علي عليه مدار الفتيا، فسعى به عند السلطان، فسجنه، فرأيت النبي في المنام وجبريل عن يمينه يحرك شفتيه بالتسبيح لا يفتر، فقال لي النبي قل لأبي بكر بن علي يدعو بدعاء الكرب الذي في صحيح البخاري حتى يفرج الله عنه، فأصبحت فأخبرته، فدعا به فلم يكن إلا قليلا حتى أخرج من السجن. كذا في «عمدة القاري».
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف میں ارشاد ہے کہ بیوی سے صحبت کرنے سے پہلے اللہ تعالیٰ کا نام لینے سے بچہ شیطان کے ضرر سے محفوظ رہتا ہے، علماء نے اس حفاظت کی تفصیل میں کہا ہے کہ شیطان بچہ کو کافر نہیں کرسکتا اور اس کا خاتمہ بالخیر ہوگا یا اس کو جنون یا مرگی کے مرض میں مبتلا نہیں کرے گا الغرض بچہ شیطان کے تصرف سے محفوظ رہے گا اور یہ سب اللہ کے ذکر کی برکتیں ہیں۔ (مرقات12)۔