Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When Allah created Adam and breathed the soul into him, he sneezed and said, ‘All praise be to Allah.’ He praised Allah by His permission, and his Lord said to him, ‘May Allah have mercy on you, O Adam. Go to those angels, to a group of them sitting, and say: Peace be upon you.’ He said, ‘Peace be upon you,’ and they replied, ‘Upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah.’ Then he returned to his Lord, who said, ‘This is your greeting and the greeting of your descendants among themselves.’ Allah, with His hands closed, said to him, ‘Choose whichever you wish.’ Adam said, ‘I choose the right hand of my Lord, and both hands of my Lord are right and blessed.’ Then He opened it, and there were Adam and his descendants. Adam said, ‘O Lord, who are these?’ He said, ‘These are your descendants.’ Each person had their lifespan written between their eyes. Among them was a man, the brightest of them—or among the brightest. Adam said, ‘O Lord, who is this?’ He said, ‘This is your son David, and I have written for him a lifespan of forty years.’ Adam said, ‘O Lord, increase his lifespan.’ He said, ‘That is what I have written for him.’ Adam said, ‘O Lord, I have given him sixty years of my lifespan.’ He said, ‘You and he have agreed.’ He was then made to dwell in Paradise for as long as Allah willed, then he was sent down from it. Adam kept count of his lifespan. When the Angel of Death came to him, Adam said, ‘You have come too soon; I was given a thousand years.’ The angel said, ‘Yes, but you gave sixty years to your son David.’ Adam denied it, and his descendants denied; he forgot, and his descendants forgot. From that day, writing and witnesses were ordained.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]
And in the narration [Agreed Upon], Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Allah created
1 Adam in his form, his height being sixty cubits. When He created him, He said, ‘Go and greet that group of angels sitting there, and listen to how they greet you, for that will be your greeting and the greeting of your descendants.’ He said, ‘Peace
2 be upon you,’ and they replied, ‘Upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah.’ He said, ‘They added and the mercy of Allah.’ Everyone who enters Paradise will be in the form of Adam, with a height of sixty cubits, but creation has continued to diminish until now.”
Commentary and footnotes (4)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) His statement: “greet in return with what is better than it” means to say, “And upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah,” if the greeting was “Peace be upon you,” and to add “and His blessings” if the greeting included “and the mercy of Allah.” It is said: “Everything has a limit, and the limit of the greeting is ‘and His blessings.’” Or “return it” means to respond to it, and returning the greeting is to reply with the same; this is because the responder mirrors the greeting of the initiator, with an implied omission, meaning “return the like of it.” Offering the greeting is a Sunnah, while responding is obligatory, and going beyond is a virtue. As stated in Al-Madarak.
Note 1
(1) His statement: “we were forbidden from that” refers to using the mentioned phrases as a substitute for the greeting of peace (salaam). There is no issue if one begins with salaam and then follows it with such phrases. As stated in Al-Mirqat.
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱) قوله: فحيوا بأحسن منها أي قولوا: وعليكم السلام ورحمة الله، إذا قال: السلام عليكم، وزيد وبركاته، إذا قال: ورحمة الله، ويقال: لكل شيء منتهى، ومنتهى السلام وبركاته». أو ردوها أي أجيبوها، ورد السلام جوابه بمثله؛ لأن المجيب يرد قول المسلم، وفيه حذف مضاف، أي ردوا مثلها، والتسليم سنة، والرد فريضة، والأحسن فضل. كذا في «المدارك».
Note 1
(۱) قوله: نهينا عن ذلك: أي عما ذُكر من الأقوال ابتداءًا بوضعها موضع السلام، فلا محذور إن بدأ بالسلام، ثم ثناه بنحو ما تقدم من الكلام. كذا في «المرقاة».